● 第1个字节10，表示该行具有0x10个数据，即16个字节的数据；
● 第2、3个字节C000，表示该行的起始地址为0xC000；
● 第4个字节00，表示该行记录的是数据；
● 第5-20个字节，表示的是有效数据；
● 第21个字节73，表示前面数据的校验数据。
| 字段 | 含义 |
| 00 | 表示后面记录的是数据 |
| 01 | 表示文件结束 |
| 02 | 表示扩展段地址 |
| 03 | 表示开始段地址 |
| 04 | 表示扩展线性地址 |
| 05 | 表示开始线性地址 |
单片机的hex文件以00居多，都用来表示数据。hex文件的结束部分，如下图所示：
● 第二行的地址是0x0000，那么实际地址应是0x08000000+0x0000=0x08000000；
● 第二行的地址是0x0010，那么实际地址应是0x08000000+0x0010=0x08000010。
#ifndef _HEXLEXER_H_#define _HEXLEXER_H_#include <cstdio>#include <cstring>#include <cstdlib>/*Intel Hex文件解析器V1.0Hex文件的格式如下：RecordMark RecordLength LoadOffset RecordType Data Checksum在Intel Hex文件中，RecordMark规定为“:”*/#pragma warning(disable:4996)#define MAX_BUFFER_SIZE 43class Hex{public:Hex(char mark);~Hex();void ParseHex(char *data);//解析Hex文件void ParseRecord(char ch);//解析每一条记录size_t GetRecordLength();//获取记录长度char GetRecordMark();//获取记录标识char *GetLoadOffset();//获取内存装载偏移char *GetRecordType();//获取记录类型char *GetData();//获取数据char *GetChecksum();//获取校验和private:char m_cBuffer[MAX_BUFFER_SIZE];//存储待解析的记录char m_cRecordMark;//记录标识size_t m_nRecordLength;//记录长度char *m_pLoadOffset;//装载偏移char *m_pRecordType;//记录类型char *m_pData;//数据字段char *m_pChecksum;//校验和bool m_bRecvStatus;//接收状态标识//size_t m_nIndex;//缓存的字符索引值};Hex::Hex(char mark){this->m_cRecordMark = mark;m_cBuffer[0] = '\0';//m_pBuffer = NULL;m_nRecordLength = 0;m_pLoadOffset = NULL;m_pRecordType = NULL;m_pData = NULL;m_pChecksum = NULL;m_bRecvStatus = false;//m_nIndex = 0;}Hex::~Hex(){delete m_pLoadOffset, m_pRecordType, m_pData, m_pChecksum;}#endif
#include "HexLexer.h"#include <iostream>using namespace std;//获取记录标识char Hex::GetRecordMark(){return this->m_cRecordMark;}//获取每条记录的长度size_t Hex::GetRecordLength(){//char *len = (char*)malloc(sizeof(char)* 3);if (strlen(m_cBuffer)>=2){char len[3];len[0] = m_cBuffer[0];len[1] = m_cBuffer[1];len[2] = '\0';char *p = NULL;return strtol(len, &p, 16);}else{return 0;}}//获取装载偏移char* Hex::GetLoadOffset(){if (strlen(m_cBuffer) == (GetRecordLength() + 5) * 2){char *offset = (char*)malloc(sizeof(char)* 5);for (int i = 0; i < 4; ++i){offset[i] = m_cBuffer[i + 2];}offset[4] = '\0';m_pLoadOffset = offset;offset = NULL;}return m_pLoadOffset;}//获取记录类型char* Hex::GetRecordType(){if (strlen(m_cBuffer) == (GetRecordLength() + 5) * 2){char *type=(char*)malloc(sizeof(char)*3);type[0] = m_cBuffer[6];type[1] = m_cBuffer[7];type[2] = '\0';m_pRecordType = type;type = NULL;}return m_pRecordType;}//获取数据char* Hex::GetData(){if (strlen(m_cBuffer) == (GetRecordLength() + 5) * 2){int len = GetRecordLength();char *data = (char*)malloc(sizeof(char)*(len * 2 + 1));for (int i = 0; i < len * 2;++i){data[i] = m_cBuffer[i + 8];}data[len * 2] = '\0';m_pData = data;data = NULL;}return m_pData;}//获取校验和char* Hex::GetChecksum(){int len = GetRecordLength();if (strlen(m_cBuffer) == (len + 5) * 2){char *checksum=(char*)malloc(sizeof(char)*3);checksum[0] = m_cBuffer[(len + 5) * 2 - 2];checksum[1] = m_cBuffer[(len + 5) * 2-1];checksum[2] = '\0';m_pChecksum = checksum;checksum=NULL;}return m_pChecksum;}//解析Hex文件中的每一条记录void Hex::ParseRecord(char ch){size_t buf_len = strlen(m_cBuffer);if (GetRecordMark()==ch){m_bRecvStatus = true;m_cBuffer[0] = '\0';//m_nIndex = 0;return;}if ((buf_len==(GetRecordLength()+5)*2-1)){//接收最后一个字符m_cBuffer[buf_len] = ch;m_cBuffer[buf_len + 1] = '\0';//检验接收的数据char temp[3];char *p = NULL;long int checksum = 0;for (int i = 0; i < strlen(m_cBuffer);i+=2){temp[0] = m_cBuffer[i];temp[1] = m_cBuffer[i + 1];temp[2] = '\0';checksum += strtol(temp, &p, 16);temp[0] = '\0';}checksum &= 0x00ff;//取计算结果的低8位if (checksum==0)//checksum为0说明接收的数据无误{cout << "RecordMark " << GetRecordMark() << endl;cout << "RecordLength " << GetRecordLength() << endl;cout << "LoadOffset " << GetLoadOffset() << endl;cout << "RecordType " << GetRecordType() << endl;cout << "Data " << GetData() << endl;cout << "Checksum " << GetChecksum() << endl;}else//否则接收数据有误{cout << "Error!" << endl;}m_cBuffer[0] = '\0';m_bRecvStatus = false;m_nRecordLength = 0;m_pLoadOffset = NULL;m_pRecordType = NULL;m_pChecksum = NULL;m_bRecvStatus = false;}else if (m_bRecvStatus){m_cBuffer[buf_len] = ch;m_cBuffer[buf_len + 1] = '\0';//m_nIndex++;}}//解析Hex文件void Hex::ParseHex(char *data){for (int i = 0; i < strlen(data);++i){ParseRecord(data[i]);}}int main(int argc, char *argv[]){freopen("in.txt", "r", stdin);freopen("out.txt", "w", stdout);Hex hex(':');char ch;while (cin>>ch){hex.ParseRecord(ch);}fclose(stdout);fclose(stdin);return 0;}
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