Selenium用倦了？来试试Seldom吧！

一、Seldom

定位方式

Seldom 提供了8中定位方式，与Selenium保持一致。

· id_

· name

· class_name

· tag

· link_text

· partial_link_text

· css

· xpath

import seldom
class YouTest(seldom.TestCase):    def test_case(self):        """a simple test case """                #打开百度页面        self.open("https://www.baidu.com")        #根据id定位元素“kw”并输入seldom        self.type(id_="kw", text="seldom")        #点击        self.click(css="#su")        #断言浏览器title是seldom_百度搜索        self.assertTitle("seldom_百度搜索")

8种定位用法：

self.type(id_="kw", text="seldom")self.type(name="wd", text="seldom")self.type(class_name="s_ipt", text="seldom")self.type(tag="input", text="seldom")self.type(link_text="hao123", text="seldom")self.type(partial_link_text="hao", text="seldom")self.type(xpath="//input[@id='kw']", text="seldom")self.type(css="#kw", text="seldom")

定位一组元素

有时候我们通过一种定位写法不能找到单个元素，需要在一种定位方式中使用下标，在Seldom中可以通过index指定下标。

Selenium中的写法：

driver.find_elements_by_tag_name("input")[7].send_keys("selenium")

Seldom中的写法，在Seldom中不指定index默认下标为0。

self.type(tag="input", index=7, text="seldom")

二、Seldom API

Seldom 简化了Selenium中的API，在webdriver.py中以最简单的方式操作Web页面。所有API如下：

# Accept warning box.self.accept_alert()

# Adds a cookie to your current session.self.add_cookie({'name' : 'foo', 'value' : 'bar'})

# Adds a cookie to your current session.cookie_list = [    {'name' : 'foo', 'value' : 'bar'},    {'name' : 'foo', 'value' : 'bar'}]self.add_cookie(cookie_list)

# Clear the contents of the input box.self.clear(css="#el")

# It can click any text / image can be clicked# Connection, check box, radio buttons, and even drop-down box etc..self.click(css="#el")

# Mouse over the element.self.move_to_element(css="#el")

# Click the element by the link textself.click_text("新闻")

# Simulates the user clicking the "close" button in the titlebar of a popup window or tab.self.close()

# Delete all cookies in the scope of the session.self.delete_all_cookies()

# Deletes a single cookie with the given name.self.delete_cookie('my_cookie')

# Dismisses the alert available.self.dismiss_alert()

# Double click element.self.double_click(css="#el")

# Execute JavaScript scripts.self.execute_script("window.scrollTo(200,1000);")

# Setting width and height of window scroll bar.self.window_scroll(width=300, height=500)

# Setting width and height of element scroll bar.self.element_scroll(css=".class", width=300, height=500)

# get url.self.get("https://www.baidu.com")

# Gets the text of the Alert.self.get_alert_text()

# Gets the value of an element attribute.self.get_attribute(css="#el", attribute="type")

# Returns information of cookie with ``name`` as an object.self.get_cookie()

# Returns a set of dictionaries, corresponding to cookies visible in the current session.self.get_cookies()

# Gets the element to display,The return result is true or false.self.get_display(css="#el")

# Get element text information.self.get_text(css="#el")

# Get window title.self.get_title()

# Get the URL address of the current page.self.get_url()

# Set browser window maximized.self.max_window()

# Mouse over the element.self.move_to_element(css="#el")

# open url.self.open("https://www.baidu.com")

# Open the new window and switch the handle to the newly opened window.self.open_new_window(link_text="注册")

# Quit the driver and close all the windows.self.quit()

# Refresh the current page.self.refresh()

# Right click element.self.right_click(css="#el")

# Saves a screenshots of the current window to a PNG image file.self.screenshots('/Screenshots/foo.png')

'''Constructor. A check is made that the given element is, indeed, a SELECT tag. If it is not,then an UnexpectedTagNameException is thrown.<select name="NR" id="nr">    <option value="10" selected="">每页显示10条</option>    <option value="20">每页显示20条</option>    <option value="50">每页显示50条</option></select>'''self.select(css="#nr", value='20')self.select(css="#nr", text='每页显示20条')self.select(css="#nr", index=2)

# Set browser window wide and high.self.set_window(wide,high)

# Submit the specified form.driver.submit(css="#el")

# Switch to the specified frame.self.switch_to_frame(css="#el")

# Returns the current form machine form at the next higher level.# Corresponding relationship with switch_to_frame () method.self.switch_to_frame_out()

# Switches focus to the specified window.self.switch_to_window('main')

# Operation input box.self.type(css="#el", text="selenium")

# Implicitly wait.All elements on the page.self.wait(10)

# Setting width and height of window scroll bar.self.window_scroll(width=300, height=500)

# Returns the handle of the current window.self.current_window_handle

# Returns the handle of the new window.self.new_window_handle

# Returns the handles of all windows within the current session.self.window_handles

#文件上传# Single file uploadfilePath = r'C:\Users\admin\Desktop\文本文档.txt'self.type(css='.upload-button>input', text=filePath)

# Multiple files uploadfilePath = r'C:\Users\admin\Desktop\第一文档.txt'+'\n'+r'C:\Users\admin\Desktop\第二文档.txt'self.type(css='.upload-button>input', text=filePath)

三、Seldom 断言

Seldom 在case.py中提供了更加简单的断言方法。断言标题是否等于"title"

self.assertTitle("title")

# 断言标题是否包含"title"self.assertInTitle("title")

# 断言URL是否等于self.assertUrl("url")

# 断言URL是否包含self.assertInUrl("url")

# 断言页面是否存在“text”self.assertText("text")

# 断言警告是否存在"text" 提示信息self.assertAlertText("text")

四、用例失败重跑&自动截图

Web自动化测试常常因为各种原因导致用例失败，而重跑机制可以进一步帮我们确定用例确实是失败了。在Seldom中设置失败重跑非常简单。

import seldom

class YouTest(seldom.TestCase):

    def test_case(self):        """a simple test case """        self.open("https://www.baidu.com")        self.type(id_="kw", text="seldom")        self.click(css="#su_error")        self.assertTitle("seldom_百度搜索")

if __name__ == '__main__':    """    rerun: 指定重跑的次数，默认为 0。    save_last_run: 是否保存保存最后一次运行结果，默认为False。    """    seldom.main(path="test_sample.py",                rerun=3,                save_last_run=False,    )

查看截图，点击报告中的show链接即可：

五、Seldom 数据驱动

通过@data() 装饰器来参数化测试用例

import seldomfrom seldom import data

class BaiduTest(seldom.TestCase):　  #通过@data() 装饰器来参数化测试用例。    @data([        (case1, 'seldom'),        (case2, 'selenium'),        (case3, 'unittest'),    ])    def test_baidu(self, name, keyword):        """         used parameterized test        :param name: case name        :param keyword: search keyword        """        self.open("https://www.baidu.com")        self.type(id_="kw", text=keyword)        self.click(css="#su")        self.assertTitle(keyword+"_百度搜索")

通过data_class 方法，对测试类进行参数化

import seldomfrom seldom import data_class
@data_class(    ("keyword", "assert_tile"),    [("seldom", "seldom_百度搜索"),     ("python", "python_百度搜索")])class YouTest(seldom.TestCase):
    def test_case(self):        """a simple test case """        self.open("https://www.baidu.com")        self.type(id_="kw", text=self.keyword)        self.click(css="#su")        self.assertTitle(self.assert_tile)

文件参数化

parameterized.py中的file_data方法判定文件格式，再通过conversion中的方法转化不同文件的参数为list。

csv_to_list() 方法csv文件内容转化为list。@file_data("./data.xlsx", line=2)file: 指定csv文件的路径。line: 指定从第几行开始读取，默认第1行。
excel_to_list() 方法excel文件数据转化为list。@file_data("./data.xlsx", sheet="Sheet1", line=2)file : 指定excel文件的路径。sheet: 指定excel的标签页，默认名称为 Sheet1。line : 指定从第几行开始读取，默认第1行。
json_to_list() 方法json文件数据转化为list。@file_data("./data.json", key="login")file : 指定JSON文件的路径。key: 指定字典的key，默认不指定解析整个JSON文件。
yaml_to_list() 方法yaml文件数据转化为list。@file_data("./data.yaml", key="login")file : 指定YAML文件的路径。key: 指定字典的key，默认不指定解析整个YAML文件。

例如：csv文件参数化

import seldomfrom seldom import file_data
class YouTest(seldom.TestCase):
    @file_data("./data.csv", line=2)    def test_login(self, username, password):        """a simple test case """        print(username)        print(password)

同时还支持ddt

import seldomfrom ddt import ddt, file_data
@ddtclass YouTest(seldom.TestCase):
    @file_data("test_data.json")    def test_case(self, word):        """a simple test case """        self.open("https://www.baidu.com")        self.type(id_="kw", text=word)        self.click(css="#su")        self.assertTitle(word + "_百度搜索")
if __name__ == '__main__':    seldom.main(path="test_sample.py",                rerun=0,                save_last_run=False,                )