「Part 6」2022政府工作报告中英文对照注释版

Part 6 - LearnAndRecord

综合研判国内外形势，今年我国发展面临的风险挑战明显增多，必须爬坡过坎。

A comprehensive analysis of evolving dynamics at home and abroad indicates that this year our country will encounter many more risks and challenges, and we must keep pushing to overcome them.

注：

综合研判...

the comprehensive analysis of ...

爬坡过坎

keep pushing to overcome them/risks and chllenges

「类似表述对比」

2020年报告：综合研判形势，我们对疫情前考虑的预期目标作了适当调整。On the basis of a comprehensive assessment of the current situation, we have made proper adjustments to the targets that we were considering before COVID-19 struck.

「类似表述对比」

2022年报告Part 1：一年来，面对复杂严峻的国内外形势和诸多风险挑战，Last year, facing complicated and challenging circumstances both in and outside of China, as well as many risks and challenges,

2022年报告Part 2：国内外形势又出现很多新变化， many new changes occurred in and outside of China,

2018年报告：面对极其错综复杂的国内外形势, ...。Facing an extremely complex environment both at home and abroad, ...

越是困难越要坚定信心、越要真抓实干。

The harder things get, the more confident we must be, and the more solid steps we must take to deliver outcomes.

注：

真抓实干

take solid steps to deliver outcomes

「类似表述对比」

2017年报告：真抓实干、埋头苦干、结合实际创造性地干，In performing duties, we should work hard, in a down-to-earth way; and we should be innovative as actual conditions allow.

2016年报告：对真抓实干成效明显的地方，在建设资金安排、新增建设用地、财政沉淀资金统筹使用等方面，加大奖励支持力度。Localities which work diligently and make notable achievements will receive greater incentives and support in terms of development funds, land designations for new construction projects,and idle budgetary funds made available to them.

我国经济长期向好的基本面不会改变，

The fundamentals of our economy remain unchanged, and they will maintain long-term growth.

注：

长期向好-->维持长期增长

maintain long-term growth

经济基本面

the fundamentals of economy

「类似表述对比」

2021年报告：今年我国发展仍面临不少风险挑战，但经济长期向好的基本面没有改变。In 2021, China will continue to face many development risks and challenges, but the economic fundamentals that will sustain long-term growth remain unchanged.

持续发展具有多方面有利条件，

We have many favorable conditions for sustaining development.

注：

有利条件

favorable conditions

持续发展

sustaining development

特别是亿万人民有追求美好生活的强烈愿望、创业创新的巨大潜能、共克时艰的坚定意志，

Most notably, our people, in their hundreds of millions, aspire to a better life, have huge potential for starting businesses and engaging in innovation, and are resolved to overcome all difficulties together.

注：

追求美好生活的（强烈）愿望

aspire to a better life

创业创新

starting businesses and engaging in innovation

共克时艰

overcome all difficulties together

我们还积累了应对重大风险挑战的丰富经验。

We have also acquired a wealth of experience in dealing with major risks and challenges.

注：

积累了丰富经验

acquire a wealth of experience

中国经济一定能顶住下行压力，必将行稳致远。

There is no doubt but that China’s economy will withstand any downward pressure and continue growing steadily long into the future.

注：

顶住下行压力

withstand (any) downward pressure

行稳致远-->在未来很长一段时间内继续稳步增长

continue growing steadily long into the future

今年发展主要预期目标是：

The main projected targets for development this year are as follows:

注：

主要预期目标

the main projected targets

国内生产总值增长5.5%左右；

GDP growth of around 5.5 percent

注：

国内生产总值

gross domestic product (GDP)

城镇新增就业1100万人以上，

over 11 million new urban jobs

注：

城镇新增就业

new urban jobs

城镇调查失业率全年控制在5.5%以内；

a surveyed urban unemployment rate of no more than 5.5 percent

注：

城镇调查失业率

the surveyed urban unemployment rate

L%以内

no more than L percent

「类似表述对比」

2022年报告Part 1：城镇调查失业率平均为5.1%。and the average surveyed unemployment rate stood at 5.1 percent.

2021年报告：年末全国城镇调查失业率降到5.2%。and the year-end surveyed urban unemployment rate dropped to 5.2 percent.

居民消费价格涨幅3%左右；

CPI increase of around 3 percent

注：

居民消费价格

the consumer price index (CPI)

?也称消费者物价指数/居民消费价格指数。(From: LearnAndRecord)

「类似表述对比」

2022年报告Part 1：居民消费价格上涨0.9%。The consumer price index (CPI) rose by 0.9 percent.

2021年报告：居民消费价格上涨2.5%。the consumer price index (CPI) posted a 2.5 percent growth.

2020年报告：居民消费价格直接是用的consumer prices，原句：居民消费价格上涨2.9%。Consumer prices rose by 2.9 percent.

居民收入增长与经济增长基本同步；

growth in personal income that is basically in step with economic growth

注：

居民收入增长

growth in personal income

与...同步

be in step with

进出口保稳提质，

steady increases in both the volume and quality of imports and exports

注：

保稳提质 -->体量（规模）和质量的稳步提高

steady increases in both the volume and quality

国际收支基本平衡；

a basic equilibrium in the balance of payments

注：

?equilibrium /ˌiːkwɪˈlɪbrɪəm/ 表示“平衡；均衡”（a balance between different people, groups, or forces that compete with each other, so that none is stronger than the others and a situation is not likely to change suddenly）举个?：

Any disturbance to the body's state of equilibrium can produce stress.

对身体平衡状态的任何干扰都可能产生压力。

粮食产量保持在1.3万亿斤以上；

grain output of over 650 million metric tons

注：

粮食产量

grain output

创历史新高

reach a record high of ...

?grain作名词，表示“粮食，颗粒，谷物”（the small hard seeds of food plants such as wheat , rice, etc.; a single seed of such a plant）

?metric ton表示“公吨，米制吨（=1,000 公斤）”（a unit for measuring weight, equal to 1,000 kilograms）

?注意单位的换算：

1公吨 = 1000公斤，1斤 = 0.5公斤

1.3万亿斤 = 1300000000000斤 = 650000000000公斤 = 650000000公吨（metric tons）= 650 million metric tons

生态环境质量持续改善，

further improvement in the environment

主要污染物排放量继续下降；

continued reduction in the discharge of major pollutants

注：

主要污染物排放量

the discharge of major pollutants

能耗强度目标在“十四五”规划期内统筹考核，并留有适当弹性，

energy consumption per unit of GDP to be assessed with appropriate flexibility within the framework of the 14th Five-Year Plan;

注：

有适当弹性
with appropriate flexibility

能耗强度（单位GDP所消耗的能量）

energy consumption per unit of GDP

“十四五”（规划）

the 14th Five-Year Plan

?能耗强度即单位GDP所消耗的能量。越低说明消耗能量越少，GDP质量越高。

?“十四五”一般指《中华人民共和国国民经济和社会发展第十四个五年规划和2035年远景目标纲要》（2021－2025年），简称“十四五”规划。

新增可再生能源和原料用能不纳入能源消费总量控制。

and the exclusion of newly added renewable energy and coal, petroleum, and natural gas consumed as raw materials in the total amount of energy consumption.

注：

能源消费总量

the total amount of energy consumption

新增可再生能源

newly added renewable energy

原料用能-->被用作原材料的石油、煤炭、天然气等

coal, petroleum, and natural gas [consumed as raw materials]

?原料用能指用作原材料的能源消费，即石油、煤炭、天然气等能源产品不作为燃料、动力使用，而作为生产产品的原料、材料使用。

?国家发改委能源研究所前所长周大地：所谓原料用能，主要范围包括煤化工、石油化工等产业领域。比如，煤制成的塑料、化肥，石油制成的橡胶、纤维等。在生产加工过程中，虽然消耗了一部分能源产品作为燃料，但是也有一部分能源产品被带进了工业产品作为原料。后者就是我们所说的原料用能。

经济增速预期目标的设定，主要考虑稳就业保民生防风险的需要，

The above economic growth target is based mainly on the need to maintain stable employment, meet basic living needs, and guard against risks.

注：

稳就业

maintain stable employment

保民生

meet basic living needs

防风险

guard against risks

「类似表述对比」

2021年报告：二是优先稳就业保民生，人民生活得到切实保障。2. We gave top priority to stabilizing employment and ensuring living standards and effectively safeguarded people's wellbeing.

2020年报告：通过稳就业促增收保民生，提高居民消费意愿和能力。We will stabilize employment, promote income growth and ensure people's basic needs are met to encourage and enable consumer spending.

并同近两年平均经济增速以及“十四五”规划目标要求相衔接。

This target is also in keeping with the average growth rates of the last two years and the goals of the 14th Five-Year Plan.

注：

相衔接/符合/与……一致

in keeping with

平均增速

the average growth rates

这是高基数上的中高速增长，体现了主动作为，

It represents a medium-high rate of growth given our large economic aggregate, and demonstrates our ability to move proactively.

注：

中高速增长（速率）

the medium-high rate of growth

高基数

large (economic) aggregate

主动作为

move proactively

?aggregate /ˈæɡ.rɪ.ɡət/ 表示“聚集体，集成体；总数，合计”，英文解释为“something formed by adding together several amounts or things”举个?：

They purchased an aggregate of 1,000 shares in the company.

他们总共买了这家公司的1000股股票。

「类似表述对比」

2019年报告：经过全国上下共同努力，我国经济发展在高基数上总体平稳、稳中有进， With the concerted efforts of the whole country, the Chinese economy, from a larger base, achieved generally stable growth while making further progress;

需要付出艰苦努力才能实现。

But achieving this goal will require arduous efforts.

注：

需要（付出）艰苦努力

require arduous efforts

?arduous /ˈɑːdjʊəs/ 表示“艰苦的；艰难的”（involving a lot of effort and energy, especially over a period of time），如：an arduous journey across the Andes 翻越安第斯山脉的艰苦之行。

「类似表述对比」

2021年报告：经过艰苦努力，我们率先实现复工复产，Thanks to all these arduous efforts, China was able to take the lead in reopening its economy.

完成今年发展目标任务，宏观政策要稳健有效，微观政策要持续激发市场主体活力，结构政策要着力畅通国民经济循环，

To fulfill the development goals and tasks for the year, we should pursue prudent and effective macro policies, micro policies that can continuously energize market entities, and structural policies that facilitate smooth flows in the economy.

注：

宏观政策

macro policies

微观政策

micro policies

结构政策

structural policies

激发市场主体活力

energize market entities

畅通国民经济循环

facilitate smooth flows in the economy

?prudent表示“明智谨慎的，慎重的，审慎的”（sensible and careful, especially by trying to avoid unnecessary risks），如：a prudent decision/investment 审慎的决定/投资。

「类似表述对比」

2021年报告Part 19：更大激发市场主体活力和社会创造力， and further energize market entities and unlock social creativity.

2021年报告Part 5：激发人才创新活力，unlock the creativity of talent,

?energize表示“给...增添能量（或精力、活力、干劲）”（to give sb more energy, strength, etc.）

?unlock表示“发掘（潜力）；揭开（秘密）；解开…之谜；发现…的秘密”（If you unlock the potential or the secrets of something or someone, you release them.）举个?：

A chemical has been discovered that may be the key to unlocking the mysteries of Parkinson's disease.

已发现一种化学物质，这可能是解开帕金森氏病之谜的钥匙。

?facilitate /fəˈsɪl.ə.teɪt/表示“促进；促使；使便利”，英文解释为“to make something possible or easier”举个?：

The new ramp will facilitate the entry of wheelchairs.

新坡道将方便轮椅进入。

「类似表述对比」

2022年报告Part 2：1）宏观政策适应跨周期调节需要，保持对经济恢复必要支持力度，Our macro policies facilitated cross-cyclical adjustments and sustained the level of support necessary for economic recovery.

2）有效实施稳健的货币政策，两次全面降准，推动降低贷款利率。We implemented a prudent monetary policy to good effect and lowered required reserve ratios twice to facilitate the reduction of loan interest rates.

2021年报告：形成国民经济良性循环 to facilitate favorable circulation in our economy.

科技政策要扎实落地，

Science and technology policies should be fully implemented,

注：

扎实落地

be fully implemented

改革开放政策要激活发展动力，

reform and opening up policies should lend impetus to development,

注：

激活发展动力

lend impetus to development

?impetus /ˈɪm.pɪ.təs/ 表示“推动，促进，刺激”，英文解释为“something that encourages a particular activity or makes that activity more energetic or effective”举个?：

The recent publicity surrounding homelessness has given (a) fresh impetus to the cause.

最近围绕无家可归者的宣传对这一事业是个新的推动。

「类似表述对比」

2018年报告：补齐基础设施和公共服务短板，激发脱贫内生动力。We will shore up weak links in infrastructure and public services, creating self-generated impetus to reduce poverty.

区域政策要增强发展的平衡性协调性，

regional policies should ensure more balanced and coordinated development,

注：

发展的平衡性协调性-->平衡、协调的发展

balanced and coordinated development

社会政策要兜住兜牢民生底线。

and social policies should meet basic living needs.

注：

兜住兜牢民生底线

meet basic living needs

「类似表述对比」

2021年报告：坚决兜住民生底线。We are fully determined to ensure that the basic living needs of all our people are met.

2020年报告Part 16：面对困难，基本民生的底线要坚决兜牢，群众关切的事情要努力办好。 Despite the difficulties we face, we must unfailingly meet the basic living needs of our people and address issues of public concern.

2020年报告Part 7：加强重大风险防控，坚决守住不发生系统性风险底线。Strong prevention and control measures will be taken to forestall systemic risks.

2019年报告：基本民生的底线要坚决兜牢 ensure that the basic living needs of the people are met

2015年报告：兜底线 ensure there is a cushion in place for those most in need

各方面要围绕贯彻这些重大政策和要求，细化实化具体举措，形成推动发展的合力。

All of us involved must adopt detailed and effective measures to meet these major policy requirements and create synergy for driving growth.

注：

细化实化具体举措-->采取详细的有效的措施

adopt detailed and effective measures

重大政策（和）要求

major policy requirements

形成推动发展的合力

create synergy for driving growth

「类似表述对比」

2020年报告：财政、货币和投资等政策要聚力支持稳就业。We will create synergy to stabilize employment through the coordinated use of fiscal, monetary, and investment policies.

? synergy /ˈsɪnədʒɪ/ 表示“协同作用，协同增效作用“（the extra energy, power, success, etc. that is achieved by two or more people or companies working together, instead of on their own）

要保持宏观政策连续性，增强有效性。

Macro policies should be kept consistent and made more effective.

注：

保持连续性

be kept consistent

增强有效性

be made more effective

积极的财政政策要提升效能，更加注重精准、可持续。

The proactive fiscal policy should be more effectual, more targeted, and more sustainable.

注：

积极的财政政策

the proactive fiscal policy

提升效能

be more effectual

更加（注重）精准

be more targeted

更加可持续

be more sustainable

「类似表述对比」

2018年报告：坚持实施积极的财政政策和稳健的货币政策。We have continued to follow a proactive fiscal policy and a prudent monetary policy.

2017年报告：今年要继续实施积极的财政政策和稳健的货币政策，This year, we will continue to pursue a proactive fiscal policy and a prudent monetary policy.

?effectual /əˈfek.tʃu.əl/ 表示“卓有成效的，有效的；奏效的”，英文解释为“effective and successful”举个?：

They wish to promote a real and effectual understanding between the two countries.

他们希望真正有效地促进两国间的理解。

稳健的货币政策要灵活适度，保持流动性合理充裕。

The prudent monetary policy should be both flexible and appropriate, with reasonably ample liquidity being maintained.

注：

稳健的货币政策

the prudent monetary policy

灵活适度

flexible and appropriate

流动性（合理）充裕

(reasonably) ample liquidity

就业优先政策要提质加力。

The employment-first policy should be pursued with intensified efforts to deliver the desired outcomes.

注：

就业优先政策

the employment-first policy

提质加力

be pursued with intensified efforts to deliver the desired outcomes

「类似表述对比」

2021年报告：实施教育提质扩容工程，We will carry out an initiative to raise the quality of education and expand its capacity.

2020年报告：要大力提质增效，We will see that funds are put to better and more effective use;

2019年报告：促进家政服务业提质扩容。We will promote higher quality and an expansion of capacity in the housekeeping service sector.

政策发力适当靠前，及时动用储备政策工具，确保经济平稳运行。

These policies should produce effects early on, and the policy tools we have in reserve should be promptly deployed to ensure stable economic performance.

注：

及时动用

be promptly deployed

政策发力-->政策发挥作用

policies (should) produce effects

继续做好常态化疫情防控。

We will continue effective routine Covid-19 control.

坚持外防输入、内防反弹，不断优化完善防控措施，

To prevent inbound cases and domestic resurgences, we need to constantly refine epidemic containment measures,

注：

外防输入、内防反弹

prevent inbound cases and domestic resurgences / guard against inbound cases and domestic resurgences